Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2021 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation |
Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Oxis Biotech, Inc. and Georgetown Translational Pharmaceuticals, Inc. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
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| Liquidity |
Liquidity
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared under the assumption that the Company will continue as a going concern. Such assumption contemplates the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recorded a net loss of $58.0 million of which $ million resulted from non-cash stock compensation, and used cash in operations of $15.6 million. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had a cash and short-term investments balance of $32.0 million, and working capital and stockholders’ equity of $22.9 million. Management anticipates that the $32.0 million of cash and cash equivalents, and short-term investments are adequate to satisfy the liquidity needs of the Company for at least one year from the date the Company’s 2021 consolidated financial statements are issued.
During the year ended December 31, 2021 the Company raised $24.7 million through issuance of common stock, raised $16.4 million through the exercise of warrants and raised $1.2 million from a series of issuances of convertible notes (see Note 8).
Historically, the Company has financed our operations through public and private sales of common stock, issuance of preferred and common stock, issuance of convertible debt instruments, and strategic collaborations.
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| Reclassification of Prior Year Presentation |
Reclassification of Prior Year Presentation
Certain prior year amounts due to the resolution of non-controlling interest in net loss have been reclassified for consistency with the current year presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on the reported results of operations.
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| COVID-19 |
COVID-19
In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared coronavirus COVID-19 a global pandemic. This contagious disease outbreak, which has continued to spread, has adversely affected workforces, customers, economies, and financial markets globally. It has also disrupted the normal operations of many businesses. This outbreak could decrease spending, adversely affect demand for the Company’s products, and harm the Company’s business and results of operations.
During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company believes the COVID-19 pandemic did impact its operating results. However, the Company has not observed any impairments of its assets or a significant change in the fair value of its assets due to the COVID-19 pandemic. At this time, it is not possible for the Company to predict the duration or magnitude of the adverse results of the outbreak and its effects on the Company’s business or results of operations, financial condition or liquidity.
The Company has been following the recommendations of health authorities to minimize exposure risk for its team members, including a temporary closure of its corporate office and having team members work remotely. Most vendors have transitioned to electronic submission of invoices and payments.
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| Accounting Estimates |
Accounting Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates include accruals for potential liabilities, valuation of notes payable, assumptions used in deriving the fair value of derivative liabilities, share-based compensation and beneficial conversion feature of notes payable, and valuation of deferred tax assets. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
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| Stock-Based Compensation |
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company accounts for share-based awards to employees and nonemployees and consultants in accordance with the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation. Stock-based compensation cost is measured at fair value on the grant date and that fair value is recognized as expense over the requisite service, or vesting period.
The Company values its equity awards using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, and accounts for forfeitures when they occur. Use of the Black-Scholes option pricing model requires the input of subjective assumptions including expected volatility, expected term, and a risk-free interest rate. The Company estimates volatility using a its own historical stock price volatility. The expected term of the instrument is estimated by using the simplified method to estimate expected term. The risk-free interest rate is estimated using comparable published federal funds rates.
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| Fair Value of Financial Instruments |
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ASC 820-10 requires entities to disclose the fair value of financial instruments, both assets and liabilities recognized and not recognized on the balance sheet for which it is practicable to estimate fair value. ASC 820-10 defines the fair value of a financial instrument as the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties.
The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:
Level 1 Valuations based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the entity has the ability to access.
Level 2 Valuations based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
Level 3 Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable, supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.
The carrying amount of the Company’s derivative liability of $0.1 million as of December 31, 2021 was based on Level 2 measurements.
The carrying amounts of the Company’s other financial assets and liabilities, such as cash, prepaid expense, accounts payable and accrued expenses, and notes payable, approximate their fair values because of the short maturity of these instruments.
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| Derivative Financial Instruments |
Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company evaluates its financial instruments to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives. For derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as liabilities, the derivative instrument is initially recorded at its fair value and is then re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the consolidated statements of operations. The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is evaluated at the end of each reporting period. Derivative instrument liabilities are classified in the balance sheet as current or non-current based on whether or not net-cash settlement of the derivative instrument could be required within 12 months of the balance sheet date. The fair value of the embedded derivatives is determined using a Binomial valuation method at inception and on subsequent valuation dates.
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| Cash Equivalents |
Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.
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| Research and Development Costs |
Research and Development Costs
Costs incurred for research and development are expensed as incurred. The salaries, benefits, and overhead costs of personnel conducting research and development of the Company’s products comprise research and development expenses. Purchased materials that do not have an alternative future use are also expensed.
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| Leases |
Leases
The Company leases our corporate office space under a lease agreement with monthly payments over a period of 12 months. Pursuant to ASC 842, Leases, lease assets are presented as operating lease right-of-use assets and the related liabilities are presented as lease liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets. At December 31, 2021 and 2020, we have no leases with an initial term greater than 12 months. However, on November 19, 2021 we entered into a sublease with Aimmune Therapeutics, Inc. for 4,500 square feet of office space located in Brisbane, CA having a commencement date of January 1, 2022 and maturing on June 30, 2024. As the lease had not yet commenced as of December 31, 2021, no related rent expense was recorded in 2021 and no right-of-use asset with a related liability was recorded at December 31, 2021.
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| Net Loss Per Share |
Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares and the dilutive effect of contingent shares outstanding during the period. Potentially dilutive contingent shares, which primarily consist of convertible notes, stock issuable to the exercise of stock options and warrants have been excluded from the diluted loss per share calculation because their effect is anti-dilutive.
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| Concentration |
Concentration
Cash is deposited in one financial institution. The balances held at this financial institution at times may be in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insurance limits of up to $250,000.
The Company has a significant concentration of expenses incurred and accounts payable from a single vendor. Please see Note 4 for further information.
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| Segments |
Segments
The Company determined its reporting units in accordance with ASC 280, “Segment Reporting” (“ASC 280”). Management evaluates a reporting unit by first identifying its’ operating segments under ASC 280. The Company then evaluates each operating segment to determine if it includes one or more components that constitute a business. If there are components within an operating segment that meet the definition of a business, the Company evaluates those components to determine if they must be aggregated into one or more reporting units. If applicable, when determining if it is appropriate to aggregate different operating segments, the Company determines if the segments are economically similar and, if so, the operating segments are aggregated.
Management has determined that the Company has one consolidated operating segment. The Company’s reporting segment reflects the manner in which its chief operating decision maker reviews results and allocates resources. The Company’s reporting segment meets the definition of an operating segment and does not include the aggregation of multiple operating segments.
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| Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements |
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Credit Losses - Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASC 326”). ASU 2016-13 requires entities to use a forward-looking approach based on current expected credit losses (“CECL”) to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments, including trade receivables. This may result in the earlier recognition of allowances for losses. ASU 2016-13 is effective for the Company beginning July 1, 2023, and early adoption is permitted. The Company does not believe the potential impact of the new guidance and related codification improvements will be material to its financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In August 2020, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2020-06, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity. Under ASU 2020-06, the embedded conversion features are no longer separated from the host contract for convertible instruments with conversion features that are not required to be accounted for as derivatives under Topic 815, or that do not result in substantial premiums accounted for as paid-in capital. Consequently, a convertible debt instrument will be accounted for as a single liability measured at its amortized cost, as long as no other features require bifurcation and recognition as derivatives. The new guidance also requires the if-converted method to be applied for all convertible instruments. ASU 2020-06 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, with early adoption permitted. Adoption of the standard requires using either a modified retrospective or a full retrospective approach. Effective January 1, 2021, the Company early adopted ASU 2020-06 using the modified retrospective approach. Adoption of the new standard resulted in a decrease to additional paid-in capital of $4.5 million (see Note 5).
In May 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-04, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260), Debt-Modifications and Extinguishments (Subtopic 470-50), Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718), and Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Issuer’s Accounting for Certain Modifications or Exchanges of Freestanding Equity-Classified Written Call Options. ASU 2021-04 provides clarification and reduces diversity in an issuer’s accounting for modifications or exchanges of freestanding equity-classified written call options (such as warrants) that remain equity classified after modification or exchange. An issuer measures the effect of a modification or exchange as the difference between the fair value of the modified or exchanged warrant and the fair value of that warrant immediately before modification or exchange. ASU 2021-04 introduces a recognition model that comprises four categories of transactions and the corresponding accounting treatment for each category (equity issuance, debt origination, debt modification, and modifications unrelated to equity issuance and debt origination or modification). ASU 2021-04 is effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. An entity should apply the guidance provided in ASU 2021-04 prospectively to modifications or exchanges occurring on or after the effective date. Early adoption is permitted for all entities, including adoption in an interim period. If an entity elects to early adopt ASU 2021-04 in an interim period, the guidance should be applied as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. The adoption of ASU 2021-04 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements or disclosures.
Other recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB, including its Emerging Issues Task Force, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, and the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) did not or are not believed by management to have a material impact on the Company’s present or future consolidated financial statements.
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